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The male even soaks his breast feathers in water if the mud coating inside the nest dries out in the high midday temperatures.

You can see mud stains on the male's chest feathers.

The male rubs his chest in such a way that the inside of the nest is evenly coated with mud

The male rubs his chest and coats the inside of the nest with mud. The female sits near the nest and watches.

The male is collecting nesting materials along with mud for lining the nest.

Here the female is begging for food from male

The male is pressing the nesting materials by his chest to shape the nest.

But the female didn't put the twigs into nest. She probably just instigate the male to initiate the nesting work sitting beside the nest.

The female is collecting nesting materials.

The male is putting a twig into nest.

Only male initiate the construction of nest. Here the male is collecting nesting materials.

Then gently gave the caterpillar to female.

2. Male came to her and waited a moment.

I observed two type of courtship feeding.

1. The female is pulling/kind of snatching a caterpillar from the male's mouth. Although the male first came to feed her. ( female is at left in frame)

This is the Female OHT

This is the 7th year since I have been observing them. Here is the Male OHT.

Most of the monogamous birds like Blue-throated Barbet, both male and female contribute in nest building. Here the female blue-throated Barbet is engaged finishing the egg chamber by smoothening the...

Crested Bunting (Male) from Manas NP, December 2022
Canon EOS 7D + Canon 500mm f4
ISO 640, 1/320, f4, full frame

Call of Puff throated Babbler from Manas NP. December 2022. Mobile phone recording.

Many years ago in Mangalajodi.
Canon EOS 7D + Canon 500 f4 + Monopod
ISO 250, 1/1600, f 7.1, Full frame

Yes the male is glued here. The females are bigger than male in Himalayan toad. Thanks for your comment.
Samrat

Saw this mating seen of Himalayan Toad at a village named Tinchuley near Takdah forest in Darjeeling. The mating lasted for three days. The amplexus of Toads are about ten types.

1. Inguinal -...

Observed again after 2017 a very rare courtship behaviour of Orange headed thrush. The nesting material sharing behaviour. Very minimum knowledge we have about this behaviour. Honourable viewer may...

The female put the nesting materials on her nest.

The female took nesting materials from the male.